The
Malay Peninsula or
Thai-Malay Peninsula (
Malay:
Semenanjung Tanah Melayu) is a major
peninsula located in
Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Kra Peninsula and runs approximately north-south through the
Kra Isthmus.
The coastal waters are (clockwise from northeast) the
Gulf of Thailand, the
South China Sea (opposite
Borneo), the
Straits of Johor (opposite
Singapore), the
Straits of Singapore (along
Singapore's western coasts), the
Straits of Malacca (opposite
Sumatra) and the
Andaman Sea.
The area is divided
politically:
- the northwest is the extreme south part of Myanmar (Burma)
- the central region and northeast is the south part of Thailand
- the south is the part of Malaysia called Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia (which shouldn't be confused with the larger Malay Peninsula).
The Malay term
Tanah Melayu is still occasionally used in political discourse to describe uniting all
Malay people on the peninsula under one Malay nation, although this ambition was largely realized with the creation of Malaysia. There however remains a Malay majority in southern
Thailand, as the area was formerly part of the
Pattani kingdom, a Malay kingdom. There is also a Malay minority in
Singapore, an island country with a Chinese majority that began to develop into a major city when the
British leased the island from the
Sultanate of Johor in
1819.
The west coast of the peninsula was especially popular among seafaring
Bugis,
Chinese and
Indians as a stopover, leading to increased migration of the people to set up visible coastal settlements in the thirteenth century.
The Malay Peninsula may have been the peninsula recorded as
Chersonesus Aurea in Roman times.
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